In connection with scientific research involving the processing of personal data, the primary question is what can be considered scientific research during the application of the GDPR, and in which cases the specific rules of GDPR can be applied. Although the GDPR refers to "scientific and historical research" in several cases as an activity requiring special data protection rules for processing (see Articles 5 (1) b), e), 9 (2) j), 14 (5) b), 17 (3) d), 21 (6) and 89), the GDPR does not define the notion of "scientific research". The Conference of German Data Protection Commissioners (Datenschutzkonferenz, DSK) is assisting data controllers in this regard in a recent position paper.